循环加热系统的自适应模糊温度控制

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 循环加热系统在家里和公寓的应用遍及世界各地。在一个循环加热系统中，锅炉对通过管道进入供暖器的水进行加热。这个系统在北美和欧洲相差甚微。
 在北美，供热器可能在一个区域。借助于设施的规模和复杂程度，一个住所可以有一个或多个区，而仅用一个区的阀门的打开或关闭来控制。如果一个具体区域要求加热，阀门打开，水以固定的速率流过那个区域的所有供热器，直到达到要求为止。
 在一个典型的欧洲式系统中，由每个供暖器上的可变位置阀门独立控制水的流速（见图1）。欧洲的循环加热系统的典型产品的外壳内有一个感应室内温度的温度传感器。一个电动的执行器控制阀门的位置以响应反馈算法发出的指令。用旋钮或按钮调整设定点。现在一些产品具有了为使用者显示程序设定点界面的功能。这些产品的反馈算法是由于简单和有效性而在工业过程中广泛使用的经典的比例或比例积分（PI）算法。
 本文描述可替代循环加热系统传统PI算法控制的另一备选方案。尽管PI算法已经能很好满足循环加热系统的温度控制，但可用一个可以提供更贴近设定值的控制算法来加以改进，它可以减少执行器的动作，能更好的使用于不同的房间。这个算法被称为自适应模糊控制（AFC）算法。它严格结合了一些独特的自适应算法，这个算法用一个简单的模糊控制的基本规则就可自动知道不同的设定点时供暖器阀门位置的稳定状态。
 比较AFC和可变增益PI算法的实验测试结果，表明AFC兼有更好的温度控制和不可思议的低电消耗。

 Hydronic heating systems are used in homes and are used in homes and apartments worldwide. In a hydronic heating system, aboiler heats hot water that is pumped through pipes to radiators throughout the dwelling. The to radiators throughout the systems in North America, the radiators may be in a zone. Depending on size and the complexity of installation, a dwelling could have one or more zones which are typically controlled with one zone valve that is either open or closed. If there is a demand for heat in a specific zone, the zone valve opens and water flow at a fixed rate through all of the radiators in that zone until the demand is satisfied.
 In a typical European system .a varisble-position valve on each radiator individually controls the water flow rate (Fig.1).A typical automatic control product for a  European hydronic heating system has a temperature sensor inside the product housing to sense the room temperature .A battery –operated actustor controls the valve position in response to a command from the feedback algorithm. The set point is adjusted with a knob or button. Some products have an interface and display for the user to program set points as a function of the time of day .The feedback algorithm for these products are typically proportional or proportional integral(PI),which are common in industrial process control due to their simplicity and effectiveness[1].

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