基于8051简易电子琴的设计

论文编号:DZXX306  论文字数:16052,页数:35

摘要
 单片机控制的简易电子琴主要应用于儿童电子玩具，培养儿童的音乐兴趣。该系统结构简单，能满足基本功能，具有高性价比，体积小，重量轻等特点。
  本文根据系统设计原则对系统结构的总体方案进行研究，通过比较分析，选择最优方案。首先介绍单片机的内部结构和功能，重点分析定时器/计数器的基本结构及工作原理，研究音高和节拍的产生原理。根据系统要求，对硬件电路模块化逐步分析设计，最终实现该系统的硬件电路。系统各部分的控制电路基于单片机控制。根据软件来识别键盘上的闭合，并通过八段数码管显示音符，同时扬声器发出对应的声音或一首小歌曲。本系统应用Keil C51 uVision2软件对程序进行反复的模拟运行、调试，修改简化了软件系统，最后形成了一套完整的程序系统。最后用PROTEUS软件仿真系统，展示出逼真的系统功能。
关键词：单片机、定时器/计数器、音高、节拍、八段数码管显示、扬声器

Abstract
 The simple electric piano controlled by SCM mainly applies to the child electron toy, raises child's music interest. The system is simple and can meet the basic function, with high cost performance, small, light, and other characteristics.
 According to the system design principle ，This article conduct the research to overall plan of the system structure. Through comparative analysis, it choice most superior plan. This article introduces SCM of the internal structure and the function, analyzes the timer/counter with emphasizing on the basic structure and the principle of work, which researches the pitch and time production principle. According to the system request, it gradually analyzes the design to the hardware electric circuit, which finally has realized this system hardware electric circuit. Parts of the system based on the control of SCM. The software   identify the keyboard closed, then eight sections of digital tubes display note, and the loudspeaker sends out corresponding sound or a small song, through the software and hardware of coordination, it has realized the overall system design request. This system uses Keil C51 uVision2 to carry on the repeatedly simulation, the debugging. The revision simplifies the software system, finally has formed a set of complete software. Finally it uses the PROTEUS software to simulate system, demonstrates the lifelike function of the system requirements.
Keywords：SCM、timer/counter、pitch、time、eight sections of digital tubes display、loudspeaker

目 录
摘要 1
Abstract 2
第一章 绪论 3
1．1课题研究背景和现实意义 3
1．2国内外研究现状 4
第二章 系统总体设计 5
2．1系统要求 5
2．2系统结构的总体方案研究 5
2．2．1方案的选择 5
2．2．2单片机的介绍 7
2．2．3音高的产生 11
2．2．4节拍的产生 12
第三章 系统硬件设计 13
3．1 电源部分 14
3．2 按键控制部分 15
3．3 发声放大部分 16
3．4 显示部分 17
第四章 系统软件设计 19
4．1软件部分方案论证 19
4．2软件总体设计 20
4．2．1程序总流程图 20
4．2．2初始化程序分析 20
4．2．3定时器中断服务程序分析 21
4．2．4音符按键程序分析 22
4．2．5播放程序分析 24
第五章 电子琴系统的模拟与测试 26
5．1 proteus仿真 26
5．2系统硬件测试 28
5．2．1 排除逻辑故障 28
5．2．2 排除元器件失效 28
5．2．3 排除电源故障 28
第六章 结论与展望 28
致谢 29
参考文献 29
附录一 29

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