PLC电梯控制毕业论文

论文编号:ZD029         字数:15029,页数:44

摘 要: 随着科学技术的发展、近年来，我国的电梯生产技术得到了迅速发展．一些电梯厂也在不断改进设计、修改工艺。更新换代生产更新型的电梯，电梯主要分为机械系统与控制系统两大部份，随着自动控制理论与微电子技术的发展，电梯的拖动方式与控制手段均发生了很大的变化，交流调速是当前电梯拖动的主要发展方向。目前电梯控制系统主要有三种控制方式：继电路控制系统(“早期安装的电梯多位继电器控制系统)、PLC控制系统、微机控制系统。继电器控制系统由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不灵活以及消耗功率大等缺点，目前已逐渐被淘汰。微机控制系统虽在智能控制方面有较强的功能，但也存在抗扰性差，系统设计复杂，一般维修人员难以掌握其维修技术等缺陷。而PLC控制系统由于运行可靠性高，使用维修方便，抗干扰性强,设计和调试周期较短等优点，倍受人们重视等优点，已成为目前在电梯控制系统中使用最多的控制方式，目前也广泛用于传统继电器控制系统的技术改造。
关键词:PLC 电梯  可控式编程器

Abstract：Along with science's and technology's development, the recent years, our country's elevator production technology obtained the rapidly expand. Some elevator factory unceasingly is also improving the design, the revision craft. The renewal production renewal's elevator, the elevator mainly divides into the mechanical system and the control system two major parts, along with the automatic control theory and microelectronic technology's development, elevator's dragging way and the control method has had the very big change, the exchange velocity modulation is the current elevator dragging main development direction. At present the lift control system mainly has three control modes: Following electric circuit control system (“early installment elevator many black-white control system), PLC control system, microcomputer control system. Because the black-white control system the failure rate is high, the reliability is bad, control mode not nimble as well as consumed power big and so on shortcomings, at present has been eliminated gradually.
Keywords: PLC elevator controllable -like programmer

目 录
1 绪论.......................................................... 5
1.1 电梯的发展 ...................................................5
1.2 电梯的分类....................................................6
1.2.1 按用途分类 .................................................6
1.2.2 按驱动方式分类 .............................................7
1.2.3按速度分类...................................................7
1.2.4按电梯有无司机分类...........................................7
1.2.5 按操纵控制方式分类..........................................8
1.2.6 其它分类方式 ...............................................8
1.2.7 特殊电梯....................................................8
2 电梯的概述....................................................  9
2.1电梯的结构.....................................................9
2.1.1  曳引系统.................................................. 9
2.1.2  导向系统 ..................................................9
2.1.3门系统.................................................... . 9
2.1.4   轿厢 .................................................... 10
2.1.5 重量平衡系统................................................10
2.1.6 电力拖动系统................................................10
2.1.7 电气控制系统 ...............................................10
2.1.8 安全保护系统................................................10
2.2 电梯的控制要求................................................12
3 PLC的概述....................................................  .13
3.1 PLC的定义.................................................... 13
3.2 PLC的特点.................................................... 13
3.3 PLC的结构和工作原理 ..........................................14
3.4 PLC与其他工业控制的比较.......................................15
3.5 FX 系列PLC的特点 .............................................16
4 电梯的外部设计..................................................17
4.1 交流双速电梯拖动的主电路......................................17
4.2井道信号系统的设计.............................................19
4.2.1 干簧传感器 .................................................19
4.2.2 双稳态磁性开关 .............................................19
5 电梯控制软件的设计............................................. 20
5.1 电梯主电路的设计..............................................20
5.1.1电梯基本原理.................................................20
5.1.2 集选控制电梯电气控制系统的组成及相互关系....................20
5.1.3 I／O编号及分配 .............................................21
5.1.4 门电路及电气安全回路 .......................................21
5.1.5 外部接线图 .................................................22
5.2 电梯控制电路的设计............................................23
5.2.1层楼继电器电路的实现 ........................................23
5.2.2 指令和召唤回路 .............................................24
5.2.3 选向回路 ...................................................26
5.2.4 选层电路 ...................................................27
5.2.5 电梯的运行线路 .............................................28
5.3 系统的调试运行................................................31
5.3.1 对以上各单元梯形图进行编程..................................31
5.3.2 将梯形图输入PLC中调试.......................................41
全文结论........................................................  42
致   谢.........................................................  43
参考文献.................................................... .... 44

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