摘 要
组态一词来源于英文单词Configuration，“组态软件”作为一个专业术语，到目前为止，并没有一个统一的定义。从组态软件的内涵上说组态软件是指在软件领域内，操作人员根据应用对象及控制任务的要求，配置(包括对象的定义、制作和编辑，对象状态特征属性参数的设定等)用户应用软件的过程，也就是把组态软件视为“应用程序生成器”。从应用角度讲组态软件是完成系统硬件与软件沟通、建立现场与监控层沟通的人机界面的软件平台，它的应用领域不仅仅局限于工业自动化领域。而工业控制领域是组态软件应用的重要阵地，伴随着集散型控制系统DCS (Distributed Control System)的出现组态软件已引入工业控制系统。
在工业过程控制系统中存在着两大类可变因素：一是操作人员需求的变化；二是被控对象状态的变化及被控对象所用硬件的变化。而组态软件正是在保持软件平台执行代码不变的基础上通过改变软件配置信息(包括图形文件、硬件配置文件、实时数据库等)，适应两大不同系统对两大因素的要求，构建新的监控系统的平台软件。以这种方式构建系统既提高了系统的成套速度，又保证了系统软件的成熟性和可靠性，使用起来方便灵活，而且便于修改和维护。本次设计主要是利用组态软件控制技术来实现智能控制交通灯，使城市交通更加井然有序。
关键词：组态、组态软件、MCGS、PLC、工程、智能控制交通灯
Abstract
A configuration word originates from English word Configuration, “the configuration software” takes technical expression, so far, not a unified definition. From the configuration software's connotation said that the configuration software is refers to the software domain, the operators act according to the application object and the control duty request, the disposition (including object definition, manufacture and edition, object condition characteristic attribute parameter hypothesis and so on) the user application software's process, is also regards as the configuration software “the application procedure generator”. Speaks the configuration software from the application angle is completes the system hardware and the software communication, establishes the scene and the monitoring level communication man-machine contact surface software platform, its application domain not only limits to the industrial automation domain. But the industrial control domain is the configuration software application critical position, is following collection and distribution control system DCS (Distributed Control System) the appearance configuration software has introduced the industrial control system. Has two broad heading variable factors in the commercial run control system: First, operators demand change; Second, the controlled plant condition's change and the controlled plant uses hardware's change. But the configuration software is precisely in maintains the software platform carries out in the code invariable foundation through the change software disposition information (including graphic file, hardware configuration files, real-time database and so on), adapts two big different systems to two big factor requests, constructs the new supervisory system's platform software. Both raised system's complete speed by this way construction system, and had guaranteed system software's maturation and the reliability, use the convenience to be flexible, moreover is advantageous for the revision and the maintenance. This design is mainly realizes the intelligent control traffic light using the configuration software control technology, causes the municipal transportation to be more systematic.
