智能照明节电器的设计

论文编号:CK048   论文字数:13120,页数:32

摘  要
 随着人类社会的不断发展，照明设施的规模越来越大，数量也越来越多，这对改善各地区的经济发展起了很大的作用。但伴随着而来的是能耗的大幅度提高，照明用电已成为电能的消耗大户。特别是近年来能源价格大幅度提升，使照明的电力消耗成为用户的一大经济负担。本文研究的是一种以STC单片机作为控制核心的智能照明节电器，采用交流斩波和高频开关技术，利用IGBT模块作为高频开关，装置的整体变换效率较高。交流斩波和高频开关技术实现了对交流电压的调节，能够输出与电网电压相位，波形基本一致的电压波形，具有输出电压谐波含量低，动态响应时间快等特点。将交流斩波电路与串联降压变压器结合组成的该节电器，由于采用了串级补偿形式，故其设备容量仅等于被节电部分的容量，大大减小了节电器的体积，降低了损耗。这种照明节电器不管电压如何波动，都能根据使用要求使照明灯的输入电压控制在最佳值，从而最大限度的发挥节能效果。
 

关键词：照明; 交流斩波; 节电器

Abstract
 With the continuous development of human society, the increasing scale of lighting, the numbers are growing, which is to improve the region's economic development played an important role. But with the coming of a substantial increase in energy consumption, lighting energy consumption of electricity has become big. In recent years a substantial upgrade in energy prices, so that lighting power consumption to become a major economic burden on the user. This paper is a kind of STC microcontroller as the control of intelligent lighting Saver, AC chopper and high frequency switching technology that uses high frequency switching IGBT module as the device's overall higher conversion efficiency. AC chopper and high frequency switching technology to achieve the AC voltage regulator that can output phase with the grid voltage, the voltage waveform waveform consistent with the output voltage harmonic content is low, the dynamic characteristics of fast response time.AC chopper with series comprising the combination of step-down transformer Saver, the use of cascade form of compensation, so the equipment capacity is only part of the capacity equal to saving, greatly reduces the volume Saver reduces the loss . No matter how voltage lighting saver that fluctuations can be of use the input voltage to control the lighting at the best value to maximize energy savings.
Keywords：lighting; AC chopper; electrical energy saver

目 录

摘要……………………………………………………………………………. . .…….….……. I
1 前言………………………………………………………………………………….………...1
2 交流照节电器原理、特性及问题………………………………………………….……2
2.1  交流照明节电原理…………………………………………………………….….……2
2.2  照明节电器特点…………………………………………………………………. .…...3
2.3  照明节电器使用中的问题……………………………………………………….…… 4
2.4  照明节电器的适用范围………………………………………………………………. 5
3  交流照明调压技术………………………………………………………………….……..6
 3.1  交流斩波技术原理………………………………………………. …………………. .6
 3.2  交流斩波调压控制技术………………………………………………………. .……. 8
  3.2.1  互补控制方式…………………………………………………….…………….8
  3.2.2  非互补控制方式………………………………………………………………. 8
        3.2.3  交流斩波调压控制的比较……………………………………………………. 9
 3.3  几种交流调压电路…………………………………………………………………. . 13
 3.3.1  单管反串联双向电子开关斩控式交流调压电路……………………………13
 3.3.2  双开关斩控式交流调压电路…………………………………………………14
 3.3.3  单管双向电子开关斩控式交流调压电路……………………………………15
4  智能照明节电器的设计……………………………………………………….………..16
 4.1  智能照明节电器主电路……………………………………………. . . . . . . .………16
 4.2  外部电路……………………………………………………………. .………………17
 4.3  控制电路的软件设计…………………………………. . . ……. . .…………….…...18
 4.4  Buck型AC/AC变换及仿真………………………………………………………. .…20
 4.4.1 Buck型AC/AC变换器……………………………………………….…………20
 4.4.2  Buck型AC/AC变换控制方案…………………………………………………21
 4.4.3  仿真与试验结果………………………………………………………………22
5  应用分析与结论……………………………. . . ……. . . ………. . .…. . . ……. . .….…25
 5.1  应用分析……………………………………………. . . …. . . ……. . .….…………25
 5.2  结论………………………………………………. . .………. . .…….…. .…………25
6  总结………………………………………………………………………. .……………….26
致谢…………………………………………………………………………. .………………...27

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